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Cet ouvrage est destine´ aux e´tudiants en Sciences de la vie, en particulier ceux qui suivent un enseignement en 1er cycle des e´tudes en sante´. Il propose des exercices originaux particulie`rement adapte´s a` l'enseignement de Biologie Cellulaire du Parcours d'Acce`s Spe´cifique Sante´ (PASS) et des Licences « acce`s sante´ » (L.AS). Il comporte 36 exercices et 210 questions sous forme de, QCM avec plus de 1070 items portant sur des sche´mas non le´gende´s et des expe´rimentations tire´s de la litte´rature scientifique dont les re´sultats sont analyse´s. La plupart de ces exercices abordent des me´canismes cellulaires de pathologies humaines diverses telles que les infections (virales ou bacte´riennes), le cancer ou des maladies ge´ne´tiques. L'ouvrage est comple´mentaire du Cours de Biologie cellulaire (5e e´dition parue en 2012) et des Exercices corrige´s et commente´s de Biologie cellulaire (5e e´dition parue en 2012), publie´s chez le me^me e´diteur. Il propose de nouveaux exercices corrige´s et commente´s pour la pre´paration aux examens classants. Pour certains d'entre eux, une vide´o commente´e est disponible via un flashcode, expliquant les connaissances scientifiques nouvelles tire´es des re´sultats des diffe´rentes expe´rimentations mene´es.

Cytology.

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Characterized as a common signaling pathway between cells, the purinergic system is capable of modulating physiological and biochemical processes. Composed of signaling molecules, regulatory enzymes, and specific receptors, this organization can modulate several basal pathways of the organism. It is understood that purinergic signaling is present in all aspects of immunity and inflammation and studies show that extracellular ATP and its adenosine metabolite are the main mediators of response. These occur since most immune cells express P2 and P1 receptors, which are sensitive to the ATP and adenosine molecules, respectively. This book describes the purinergic system and its correlation with the health and disease process.

Cytology. --- Biochemistry.

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Characterized as a common signaling pathway between cells, the purinergic system is capable of modulating physiological and biochemical processes. Composed of signaling molecules, regulatory enzymes, and specific receptors, this organization can modulate several basal pathways of the organism. It is understood that purinergic signaling is present in all aspects of immunity and inflammation and studies show that extracellular ATP and its adenosine metabolite are the main mediators of response. These occur since most immune cells express P2 and P1 receptors, which are sensitive to the ATP and adenosine molecules, respectively. This book describes the purinergic system and its correlation with the health and disease process.

Cytology. --- Biochemistry.

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Keratinocytes have various functions to maintain epidermal homeostasis. Many inflammatory skin diseases can develop due to suppressed or defective anti-inflammatory properties of keratinocytes. This book discusses the structural, biological, and molecular aspects of keratinocytes. Chapters discuss keratins and attachment molecules and their importance in maintaining epidermal homeostasis, skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, and aging and skin regeneration.

Cytology. --- Cell organelles.

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One of the most intriguing and compelling issues to impact contemporary biology to date is the concept that cell death is genetically regulated. Observations by Kerr and Wyllie, made more than 30 years ago on the basis of distinct morphological criteria, markedly distinguished apoptosis from classical cell death by necrosis. Apoptosis is a highly regulated, evolutionary conserved, genetic program of cell death essential for normal development and tissue homeostasis. The discovery of apoptosis as a regulated event and potentially amenable to therapeutic interventions has generated considerable excitement because it meant that disease entities resulting from either too much, or too little, apoptosis could be potentially cured with new therapies that target apoptosis. While there is little doubt that necrosis induced by massive cellular trauma is likely an unregulated event, several lines of investigation have challenged the dogma that necrotic cell death is merely unregulated. Emerging data has shifted the paradigm in our thinking about necrosis as a regulated event. Autophagy is another cellular process that has received considerable attention over the past two decades and its remarkable involvement in the processes of cell survival, death and tumorigenesis. Macro autophagy is a catabolic process that involves the selective and targeted removal of oxidized proteins, macromolecular structures and organelles through an elaborate cellular process involving a lysosome mediated pathway. Other forms of autophagy involving adapter proteins, commonly referred to as chaperone mediated autophagy, involves the selective removal of cellular cargo by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The book will serve as a reference guide for basic and clinical scientists who are interested in understanding how these critical cellular processes impact the pathogenesis of human disease.

Histology. Cytology --- cytologie --- histologie